In a significant declaration on this year’s World Mental Health Day, the theme, “Mental Health is a Universal Human Right,” underscores the urgent need for a human-rights-based approach to mental health. Dr. Poonam Khetrapal Singh, WHO Regional Director for South-East Asia, has called for heightened commitment from the WHO, Member States, and partners to address mental health challenges through a rights-based perspective.
Historically, the focus of human rights has revolved around fundamental necessities like food, shelter, and healthcare. Nevertheless, mental health stands as an integral component of overall human well-being. The acknowledgment that mental health is a universal human right underscores the profound connection between mental well-being and the general quality of life.
As per the World Health Organization’s (WHO) definition, mental health is a state of well-being wherein individuals can realize their full potential, effectively cope with life’s regular stresses, work productively, and contribute positively to their communities. It transcends the mere absence of mental disorders, encompassing a positive state of mental and emotional well-being. This definition aligns seamlessly with the broader concept of human rights, emphasizing not only freedom from harm but also the freedom to lead a fulfilling life.
Consequently, every individual, regardless of their geographical location, occupation, or identity, possesses the right to attain the highest possible level of mental well-being. This entitlement includes safeguarding oneself from mental health risks, access to easily available, high-quality mental health care, and the freedom to participate actively in their communities.
Moreover, it is imperative to acknowledge the multifaceted nature of mental health, as it intertwines with various aspects of life, including education, employment, housing, and social engagement. An individual’s mental well-being significantly influences their capacity to exercise other fundamental rights, such as the right to education and the right to work. The protection of mental health equips individuals to meaningfully engage in society and contribute positively to it.
For mental health to be universally recognized as a human right, there must be a paradigm shift in societal attitudes and government policies. Comprehensive measures are required to shield populations from mental health-related risks, encompassing overarching concerns such as climate change, humanitarian emergencies, and social factors like inequity and poverty. Additionally, there is an urgent need for awareness campaigns and education to destigmatize mental health issues. Discrimination and stigma act as formidable barriers that hinder individuals from seeking the help and support they need. Furthermore, mental health services and facilities must be accessible to all, irrespective of their socioeconomic status, geographic location, or other circumstances.
Despite its paramount importance to overall health and well-being, statistics reveal that one in seven individuals in countries within the WHO South-East Asia Region live with mental health conditions. Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, along with self-harm (MNSS), account for a staggering 23% of all the years lived with disability (YLD) in this region. Anxiety and depressive disorders emerge as the most prevalent conditions among both men and women, contributing to nearly 50% of the total number of individuals grappling with mental disorders in the WHO South-East Asia Region.
