Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a common chronic disease with a large number of patients worldwide. It is a long-term pathological condition characterized by sustained elevation of arterial blood pressure beyond the normal physiological range. This disease has a high incidence rate, significant hazards, and often lacks obvious symptoms, hence it is referred to as the “silent killer” by people. This article will provide a detailed discussion on the definition, causes, impacts, and management of hypertension.
Definition of Hypertension
Hypertension, also known as systolic pressure, refers to the maximum pressure generated when the heart contracts. Under normal circumstances, a person’s systolic pressure should be between 90-139 millimeters of mercury (mmHg). When systolic pressure exceeds this range and persists, it can be diagnosed as hypertension.
Causes of Hypertension
There are many reasons for the development of hypertension, some of the main ones include:
Poor lifestyle habits: Such as excessive salt intake, high-fat diet, lack of exercise, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, etc.
Genetic factors: People with a family history of hypertension are more likely to develop hypertension.
Psychological stress: Long-term psychological stress and tension can also lead to elevated blood pressure.
Certain diseases: Such as diabetes, obesity, kidney disease, thyroid dysfunction, etc., may also lead to high blood pressure.
Impacts of Hypertension
The hazards of hypertension mainly manifest in the following aspects:
Impact on the heart: Long-term elevation of blood pressure can lead to increased burden on the heart, eventually leading to myocardial hypertrophy, heart failure, and even myocardial infarction.
Impact on the brain: High blood pressure increases the risk of cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral hemorrhage, stroke, etc.
Impact on the kidneys: Elevated blood pressure can affect kidney function, leading to renal insufficiency or even renal failure.
Impact on the eyes: High blood pressure may lead to retinal detachment, decreased vision, and other issues.
Management of Hypertension
The management of hypertension mainly includes the following aspects:
Lifestyle changes: Including a balanced diet, moderate exercise, quitting smoking and alcohol, maintaining a good mindset, etc.
Medication therapy: For people with persistently high blood pressure, medication may be necessary to control blood pressure.
Regular check-ups: Regular blood pressure monitoring should be conducted to promptly detect and address any problems.
Conclusion
Hypertension is a serious chronic disease that poses a significant threat to human health. Therefore, each of us should pay attention to the issue of hypertension, take proactive measures to prevent and control hypertension, in order to maintain our own health. At the same time, medical institutions should strengthen research and management of hypertension, improve the treatment effectiveness of hypertension, and reduce its harm to humanity.
